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Katakalon Kekaumenos
Katakalon Kekaumenos ((ギリシア語:Κατακαλὼν Κεκαυμένος)) was a prominent Byzantine general of the mid-11th century.
==Biography==
Katakalon Kekaumenos was born in Koloneia, and although apparently a member of the noble Katakalon family, according to John Skylitzes he was not of aristocratic origin.〔.〕 He first distinguished himself in the Sicilian campaign of George Maniakes. There, Kekaumenos, with the rank of ''protospatharios'', commanded a contingent from the Armeniac Theme and led the successful defence of Messina against an Arab attack in 1040.〔
In 1042, Emperor Michael V (r. 1041–1042) charged him with quelling an uprising in Constantinople. In the next year, he defeated the Rus' raid against the imperial capital, and was named ''vestes'' and ''archon'' of the Danubian cities.〔 Under Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos (r. 1042–1055) he had a highly successful career. He served in the East as ''doux'' of Iberia, and became governor of Ani after it was annexed by the Byzantine Empire in 1045, and led the local forces in the first clashes with the Seljuk Turks.〔.〕 In the late 1040s, he had been promoted to the post of ''stratelates'' of the East, and participated in the campaign against the Pechenegs, as second-in-command to the militarily inexperienced ''rhaiktor'' Nikephoros. During this campaign, he was seriously injured.〔 In circa 1055, he was raised to ''magistros'' and appointed to the prestigious and powerful post of ''doux'' of Antioch.〔〔
Emperor Constantine IX's successor, Michael VI (r. 1056–1057), generally mistrusted the prominent generals and treated them badly; he refused Katakalon and Isaac Komnenos, both of them already ranked as ''magistroi'', promotion to the title of ''proedros'', and eventually dismissed Kekaumenos. In turn, Kekaumenos actively supported the uprising of Isaac Komnenos in 1057, and was rewarded with the title of ''kouropalates''.〔
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